Finding a lump on your testicle can be scary. Many men immediately worry that it could be cancer. While that is one possible cause, not every lump is a sign of testicular cancer.
A lump on a testicle can develop for many reasons. Some causes are harmless, while others may need medical attention.
The good news is that many testicular lumps are treatable. Knowing what might cause a lump on your testicle and when to see a urologist can help you take the right next step.
What Causes a Lump On a Testicle?
A lump on your testicle can develop for several reasons. Some causes are harmless and may not need treatment. Others may require medical care.
Common causes of a lump on a testicle include:
- Spermatocele: A fluid-filled cyst that forms near the epididymis, the tube that stores sperm.
- Hydrocele: A buildup of fluid around a testicle that causes swelling.
- Varicocele: Enlarged veins inside the scrotum. Some men describe them as feeling like a “bag of worms.”
- Epididymitis: Inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by an infection.
- Orchitis: Inflammation of one or both testicles.
- Inguinal Hernia: Tissue from the abdomen pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall and may create a bulge in the scrotum.
- Testicular Cancer: A growth that begins in the testicle.
Because many conditions can cause a lump on a testicle, it’s important to have any new lump checked by a urologist.
Is a Lump On a Testicle Always Cancer?
No. Many lumps on the testicle are not related to testicular cancer.
Fluid-filled cysts, enlarged veins, infections, and other noncancerous conditions are common causes of scrotal lumps. Still, testicular cancer can sometimes appear as a painless lump or swelling in a testicle.
That’s why it’s important not to ignore a new lump, even if it doesn’t hurt.
Only a medical evaluation can determine what’s causing the lump.
Symptoms That May Occur With a Lump On a Testicle
Some men notice only the lump itself. Others may develop additional symptoms.
Symptoms can include:
- A lump or swelling in a testicle
- A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
- A dull ache in the testicle, scrotum, groin, or lower abdomen
- Pain or discomfort in the testicle
- A change in the size or shape of a testicle
- Swelling of the scrotum
Other symptoms depend on what’s causing the lump. For example, infections may cause fever or chills, while some conditions may lead to pain during urination.
When Should You See a Urologist for a Lump On a Testicle?
You should see a urologist anytime you notice a new lump on your testicle.
It’s especially important to schedule an appointment if you have:
- Pain or swelling
- A lump that doesn’t go away
- A change in the size or shape of a testicle
- A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
- Fever or chills along with testicular symptoms
Even if the lump isn’t painful, it’s still a good idea to have it evaluated.
How Is a Lump On a Testicle Diagnosed?
A urologist will start by asking about your symptoms and medical history. They will also perform a physical exam.
Depending on your symptoms, testing may include:
Testicular Ultrasound
A testicular ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the testicles and scrotum.
It can help identify the location of a lump and determine whether it’s solid or fluid-filled.
Urine Tests
A urine test may help identify signs of an infection.
Blood Tests
Blood tests may be used to look for infection, inflammation, or other health concerns.
After reviewing the results, your urologist can explain the cause of the lump and discuss treatment options if needed.
Treatment Options for a Lump On a Testicle
Treatment depends on what’s causing the lump.
Possible treatments include:
Monitoring
Some noncancerous lumps don’t need treatment. Your doctor may simply monitor the area for changes.
Medications
Antibiotics or other medications may be used to treat infections or reduce inflammation.
Surgery
Some lumps may need to be removed or repaired with surgery. Hernias, large hydroceles, and certain cysts may be treated this way.
Cancer Treatment
If you have testicular cancer, your doctor may recommend surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of treatments. Your treatment plan will depend on the type and stage of the cancer.
When Should You Get a Lump On Testicle Checked?
Finding a lump on your testicle can be unsettling, especially if you’re not sure what’s causing it. While many testicular lumps are caused by noncancerous conditions, it’s important to have any new lump, swelling, or change examined by a urologist.
A urologist can determine what’s causing the lump and whether you need treatment. In some cases, getting checked can provide peace of mind. In others, it can help catch a more serious condition early, when treatment is often most effective.
If you’ve noticed a lump on your testicle or changes in your scrotum, don’t wait to get answers. Atlantic Urology Clinics serves patients throughout Myrtle Beach, Murrells Inlet, and Conway. Call 843.347.2450 to schedule an appointment and start feeling like yourself again.